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What were the most important factors influencing the nature and impact of Indian reform? The passage of the General Allotment Law, or Dawes Act, in 1887 rep-resented a major victory for reformers. Sponsored by Massachusetts Republican Senator Henry L. Dawes, the act allotted reservation lands in severalty (that is, with individual ownership rights) to Indians. […]

How did the Native Americans views or beliefs influence their response to these reforms? Land in severalty, on which to make a home for his family. This land the Government should, where necessary, for a few years hold in trust for him or his heirs, inalienable and unchargeable. But it shall be his. It shall

How did their views or beliefs influence their proposals? rendered, cuts the nerve of all that manful effort which political economy teaches us proceeds from the desire for wealth. True ideas of property with all the civilizing influences that such ideas excite are formed only as the tribal relation is outgrown. . . . But

Were their goals and remedies appropriate? The tribal organization, with its tenure of land in common, with its con- stant divisions of goods and rations per capita without regard to service Source: Merrill E. Gates, “Land and Law as Agents in Educating Indians,” in Francis Paul Prucha, ed., Americanizing the American Indians: Writings by the

Were their goals and remedies appropriate? The correction for this false view seems to me to come from the study of the tribe and its actual effects upon the family and upon the manhood of the individual. The highest right of man is the right to be a man, with all that this in- volves.

What did white reformers hope to achieve with the breakup of the reservations and with schools for Indian children? Evaluating Primary Sources54 Chester A. Arthur to the Board of Indian Commissioners in 1884. For many years, he also presided over the Lake Mohonk conferences. In 1885, he pre- sented a paper to the Board of

Reformers and the Reservation This section contains a selection by a prominent Indian reformer on the need to abandon the reservation system (Source 1) and an excerpt from the General Allotment Law of 1887, commonly known as the Dawes Act (Source 2). As you evaluate these sources, look for evidence of the way reformers defined

What problems were these reforms designed to solve? 1. What did white reformers hope to achieve with the breakup of the reser- vations and with schools for Indian children? What problems were these reforms designed to solve? Were their goals and remedies appropriate? 2. What were the reformers’ attitudes toward the Indians and their culture?

Evaluating Primary Sources50 he guests of the rambling hotel had chosen a perfect spot to gather in October 1883. While strolling along Lake Mohonk, less than a hundred miles north of New York City, they could take in autumn’s splendor in a landscape punctuated by cliffs, boulders, and caverns. The main attraction, though, was the

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