education

Ratio of CEO to Worker Compensation Since 2015, the richest 1% has owned more wealth than the rest of the planet (OXFAM, 2017). Eight men own the same amount of wealth as the poorest half of the world (OXFAM, 2017). Over the next 20 years, 500 people will hand over $2.1 trillion to their heirs—a […]

What Is Class? As with all forms of social division, social class is a human construct. The division of labor that characterizes class did not emerge until the Neolithic era, approximately 8,000–10,000 years ago (Little, 2016; Rueschemeyer, 1986). This period of human history was marked by agricultural advancement and land settlements by human population, prior

What is Whiteness? Discussion Questions 1. What are the key differences between multicultural education and antiracist education? Discuss each of these differences and provide examples for each. 2. What is Whiteness? The authors claim that Whiteness is organized globally. How? 3. What do the authors mean when they use the term White supremacy? How does

People of Color are just as racist as we are reverse racism and White people can’t get into college or get good jobs.” If you define racism as racial prejudice, then yes, anyone across any race can have just as much racial prejudice as anyone else. But racism is not merely racial prejudice. Racism is

  Friendships alone are not enough to overcome all of our socialization; Whites still experience White privilege and maintain institutional control. Having a friend of Color does not, in and of itself, mean that you are educated about the complexities of racism, that you have worked to address your internalized dominance, or that you consistently

Common White Misconceptions about Racism We have worked to address many of the common misconceptions about racism. However, given their tenacity, we end by revisiting many of the most common arguments we hear. Regardless of intentions, these 197 arguments (some seemingly innocent and others seemingly progressive) serve dominant interests and ultimately function to protect rather

Fred Korematsu (1919–2005) Fred Korematsu was one of the many U.S.- and Canadian-born citizens of Japanese descent who were identified for relocation and internment during World War II. After being denied entry to serve in the U.S. military, Korematsu worked as a welder. In 1942, Roosevelt signed the executive order authorizing the detention and relocation

What is Whiteness? Critical scholars define racism as a systemic relationship of unequal power between White people and peoples of Color. Whiteness refers to the specific dimensions of racism that elevates White people over all peoples of Color. Basic rights, resources, and experiences that are assumed to be shared by all, are actually only available

Understanding the Global Organization of Racism Through White Supremacy “Why can’t we all just be human? Isn’t it this focus on race that divides us?” This chapter continues the examination of racism by identifying a few of the ways in which racism adapts to and co-opts efforts to challenge it. We contrast multicultural education and

Patterns to Practice Seeing 1. Think about the primary places you live, work/learn, and take leisure. How racially diverse are these environments? Where there is racial diversity, which groups are most represented? Which groups are least represented? Do people tend to have close relationships across groups? 2. How racially diverse are the people in leadership