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VICTIMS INTERACTING WITH THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM: COOPERATION OR CONFLICT? The criminal justice system is the one branch of government that comes under scathing attack from all political quarters. Conservative crime con- trol proponents, treatment-oriented liberals, civil libertarians, civil rights activists, feminists, and vic- tim advocates—all find fault with its priorities and procedures. Over the […]

Ambivalence About Risk Taking Contradictory messages permeate American cul- ture on the subject of risk taking. On the one TH E O N GO IN G C ON T RO VE RSY O VE R S HARE D RE S P ON S IB I L I T Y 173 Copyright 2016 Cengage Learning. All

Reducing Risks: How Safe Is Safe Enough? When social scientists estimate risks, they are pre- dicting how many people will experience unwanted incidents. Statistical concepts underlying risk estimates can be difficult to grasp. Only three distinct probabilities can be readily understood: “0,” which signifies that an event is impossible; “1,” which means that an event

What is the Difference Between Crime Prevention and Victimization Prevention?Difference Between Crime Prevention and Victimization Prevention? The concept of crime prevention has been defined in a number of ways. A rather inclusive definition would be the sum total of all proactive state policies and private initiatives (by individuals, community groups, businesses, and other organiza- tions)

Some Victims Were Criminals: The Equivalent Group Explanation The equivalent group explanation portrays vic- tims who engage in certain high-risk deviant life- styles in a less-than-sympathetic light. It emphasizes the possibility that certain pairs of victims and vic- timizers share the same interests, participate in the same activities, and are drawn from homogenous or overlapping

Robbery: What the Experts Recommend Police experts recommend these ways of minimizing the chances of being robbed: 1. Walk alertly and confidently, while scanning the vicinity forwards and backwards. Try not to walk alone. At night, consider taking a taxi cab even for short trips. 2. Trust your instincts and avoid uncomfortable situations, especially groups

Theorizing About Risk Factors: Figuring Out Why Certain Groups Suffer More Often Than Others Theoretical explanations start as hypotheses that answer questions that begin with “Why?” After making an empirical generalization (an observation based on patterns or trends that emerged when the data were analyzed) theorists are inclined to ask, “What accounts for this?” For

Prof Calls for Crackdown on Crime Victims There is so much talk about crime in the streets and the rights of the criminal that little attention is being paid to the victims of crime. But there is a current of opinion that our courts are being too soft on the victims, and many of them

The answers to these queries require careful research by victimologists. Facilitation, precipitation, and provocation are recognized as the blameworthy actions of specific individuals in particular incidents. However, the data presented in Chapter 4 from the UCR and the NCVS confirmed a widely held belief that certain entire groups of people are more likely than others

Applying Deterrence Theory to Victims For more than two centuries, since the time of Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, the origina- tors of the classical school of free will or rational choice theory, a fierce debate has raged over whether would-be offenders are deterred by the prospects of apprehension, conviction, and punish- ment. Rarely, if