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Title of this 7th Deliverable: Something You Name on your Own
Part One: Policy
The Importance of Staying Up to Date with Federal and State Health Policies
Insert your words reflecting thought, concepts, ideas, and conjectures specific to this subheading. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Resources to Stay Up to Date
In this subheading insert ways you are able to stay up to date on federal and state health policies. You can list services, journals, organizations, etc. Anticipate about 2 paragraphs.
Ways Nurses Can Get Involved in the Policy Process
This subheading includes information that is similar to what you have completed in previous deliverables. Do not copy and paste this information, instead us your own thoughts and be sure to support it with the literature from peer-reviewed publications. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Part Two: Economics
Key Economic Principles for Nursing
This subheading will include a discussion that is similar to what you have covered in prior deliverables, yet expand on these thoughts to fully describe these principles. Go a little further by sharing why this is important to professional nursing practice. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Concepts of HCACPS Scoring and CMS Payment
In this subheading you need to describe a brief history of HCACPS scores, their function, and why they are important. Link this to reimbursement (CMS Payment) and why this is important for professional nursing practice. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Ways Nurses Can Be Steward of Resources
Build on the previous subheading about HCACPS and CMS payment to discuss how all professional nurses can assure a good financial foundation in all aspects of our practice. Expand on your thinking in this area and perhaps provide an example to assure that you are illustrating and summarizing these thoughts and concepts. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Revenue Sources, Budgeting, and Professional Nursing
This subheading section is where you discuss what you have learned about sources of revenue in health care delivery and why they are important. The value of budgeting is also discussed in this section and how these two concepts are important to professional nursing. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
Part Three: Legal
Principles of Malpractice
As this subheading title suggests, discussed the principles of malpractice and why they are important to understand. Anticipate 1-2 paragraphs.
Best Practices for Avoiding Nursing Malpractice
Techniques and steps to avoid malpractice are discussed in this subheading section. Don’t be shy – share as much information as possible to reflect that you have a solid understanding of this information. Anticipate 2-3 paragraphs.
State Board of Nursing’s Disciplinary Process and Nursing Practice Standards
In this subheading section discuss in detail your particular state board’s disciplinary processes. Identify where these processes are located in your state’s nursing practice act. Explain and expand on the nursing practice standards for your state, where they can be found, and why this is important to professional practice.
References
All references are provided in alphabetical order based on the primary author’s last name. All must be in APA format to include a hanging indent. If questions, see the APA suggestions, the link is on the first page of this document.
Nursing Orientation: Resource Insert Sheets
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliations
Course Title
Instructor’s Name
Assignment Due Date
Nursing Orientation: Resource Insert Sheets
Part One: Policy
The Importance of Staying Up to Date with Federal and State Health Policies
Nurses should stay up to date with federal and state health policies to stay informed of the changes in laws and rules that govern nursing practice as well as how these changes affect the nursing profession. In the nursing profession, federal and state health policies ensure competence and encourage the delivery of safe nursing care (NCCHC, 2021). Therefore, staying up to date with these health policies helps nurses to maintain compliance with the scope of practice standards and nurse practice acts.
The nursing profession is one of the most highly regulated professions owing to the impacts that nursing practice has on patient safety, healthcare delivery, and patient outcomes. At the state level, nurses should be aware of the health policies that are governing licensure acquisition, license protection, and professionalism (NCCHC, 2021). Additionally, by understanding federal health policies, nurses are informed of specific changes in provisions and laws that have an impact on how healthcare should be implemented.
Resources to Stay Up to Date
Numerous resources are available for nurses to keep them informed of the federal and state health policies. For example, on its website, the National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) has provided details regarding policy analyses at the state level to ensure that there is uniformity in nursing practice regulations (NCSBN, 2021). Some of the state advocacy resources available on this website include the Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC), the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) Compact, and the NursingAmerica Campaign.
A number of organizations provide details regarding health policy changes at the federal level. For example, at the federal level, NCSBN has documented educational materials to teach healthcare professionals, policy-makers, government officials, and Congress on health policy changes (NCSBN, 2021). Other organizations include the American Nurse Association (ANA), the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (Oncology Nursing Society, 2021).
Ways Nurses Can Get Involved in the Policy Process
Nurses can get involved in the policy process in a number of ways. For example, nurses take part in the identification of patient care issues that can best be addressed through policy. They also contribute to the development of the right policies to address the identified patient care issues (American Nurses Association, n.d.).
Nurses adequately understand that effective health policies must be informed by evidence-based research and require collaboration for successful implementation. Therefore, nurses are usually involved in the identification of the best evidence to support health policies. In addition to educating stakeholders about health policies, nurses also work in collaboration with legislators and policy-makers to ensure the successful implementation of those policies (Williams et al., 2018).
Part Two: Economics
Key Economic Principles for Nursing
Nurses need to be conversant with the economic principles of nursing. Parkin (2017) classifies key economic principles for nursing into four categories. The first category includes production, resources, and scarcity. Economists view health care as a service that must be produced or manufactured. Therefore, the production of health care as a service requires labor or resources. Nurses are the resources that must provide the labor necessary to deliver health care to patients. In most instances, countries often experience a nursing shortage which leads to the scarcity of quality healthcare services (Parkin, 2017). Understanding these principles is important for professional nursing practice because it is highly imperative for a healthcare organization or a health system to ensure that there are enough numbers of adequately trained nurses to provide quality healthcare services to patients.
The other category is market, demand, and supply. The market, in this case, is the healthcare industry where nursing care is provided. In this market, an increase in healthcare needs raises the demand for health care. In the same industry, there is a health system that strives to supply the needed healthcare services at a low cost. In professional nursing practice, nurses must understand factors in the industry that are causing changes in the demand and supply of healthcare services. They should be aware of economic factors that are shaping demand for healthcare services the financial issues that are determining the ability of a health system to supply care at low costs.
Parkin (2017) further classifies economic principles for nursing as efficiency and equity. Efficiency concerns maximizing output while equity concerns fair distribution. In professional nursing practice, there is a need to maximize output from the available nurses and ensure that qualified nurses are fairly distributed across various geographical regions. The final category is the incremental analysis which describes the importance of ensuring that resources are used to cause a desirable change (Parkin, 2017). In professional nursing practice, it is important to allocate nursing in such a way that they improve patient outcomes.
Concepts of HCACPS Scoring and CMS Payment
HCAHPS (the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) scoring is a type survey. Its function is to describe the degree to which patients are satisfied with the services they are receiving from their healthcare facilities. It was first approved in 2005. HCAHPS scores are important because they determine healthcare reimbursement (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid, 2021).
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) determines reimbursements based on the HCAHPS scores. Indicators with low scores signify poor patient satisfaction and they do not receive CMS reimbursements (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid, 2021). HCAHPS scores and CMS payments are important for professional nursing practice because they compel healthcare organizations to provide quality healthcare services that increase patient satisfaction, generate high HCAHPS scores, and attract CMS reimbursements.
Ways Nurses Can Be Steward of Resources
Nurses can be stewards of resources in various ways. According to Vaismoradi et al. (2020), medical errors are associated with negative impacts on healthcare costs. An example of how nurses can contribute to cost reduction in their organizations is to adhere to clinical practice standards to prevent medical errors.
The quality of health services provided by nurses has an influence on HCAHPS scores and determines whether an organization will receive CMS payments or not. For example, high-quality health care services will result in high HCAHPS scores (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid, 2021). With high HCAHPS scores, healthcare organizations will receive CMS payments thereby boosting revenue.
Revenue Sources, Budgeting, and Professional Nursing
Today’s nurses should understand issues that are concerned with revenue collection for health. The sources of revenue in health care delivery include taxation, out-of-pocket payments, private insurance, as well as government-sponsored insurance plans (Mueller & Morgan, 2017). These sources are important because they have an impact on the access, demand, supply, and availability of healthcare services.
Healthcare organizations strive to meet the demands for health care services using their limited resources. They are able to achieve this through effective budgeting and financial planning. Budgeting is important to professional nursing because it ensures effective use of the limited resources available to meet the health needs of patients (Mueller & Morgan, 2017).
Part Three: Legal
Principles of Malpractice
Before filing a claim for malpractice, one must ensure that all the principles are met. The principles that nursing malpractice must satisfy include; duty, evidence of a breach of duty, damages, and causation (Clores, 2017). It is important that nurses understand principles of malpractice to be able to adhere to avoid causing harm to patients and be able to defend themselves against claims filed against them.
Best Practices for Avoiding Nursing Malpractice
Adhering to best practice behaviors can help nurses to avoid malpractice. The best practices to avoid nursing malpractice include adhering to nursing practice standards (Raveesh et al., 2016). Nurses can also avoid malpractice by implementing interventions that are supported by evidence-based research.
Nurses should avoid performing procedures that they cannot safely perform. To avoid malpractice, they should delegate safely, adhere to documented protocols when administering medications, and follow organizational policies at all times (Raveesh et al., 2016). Generally, nurses will avoid malpractice when they do the right thing as defined in the code of ethics for nurses.
State Board of Nursing’s Disciplinary Process and Nursing Practice Standards
The State Board of Nursing takes disciplinary action against nurses who engage in malpractice. All healthcare organizations within the state must follow the disciplinary process documented by the State Board of Nursing. These steps are clearly documented in the state Nursing Practice Act (Edie, n.d.). In professional nursing practice, it is important to take disciplinary action against nurses who engage in malpractice in order to protect patients by ensuring that only nurses with the desired competencies are allowed to practice.
References
American Nurses Association. (n.d.). Advocacy. https://www.nursingworld.org/practice-policy/health-policy/health-system-reform/quality/advocacy/
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid. (2021). HCAHPS: patients’ perspectives of care survey. https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Quality-Initiatives-Patient-Assessment-Instruments/HospitalQualityInits/HospitalHCAHPS
Clores, L. (2017). The elements of malpractice in nursing. https://nursingcrib.com/medical-malpractice/the-elements-of-malpractice-in-nursing/
Edie, B. (n.d.). Professional licensure: Investigation and disciplinary action. https://www.nursingcenter.com/ce_articleprint?an=00000446-201211000-00026
Mueller, M. & Morgan, D. (2017). New insights into health financing: First results of the international data collection under the system of health accounts 2011 framework. Health Policy, 121(7), 764–769. https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/docserver/health_glance-2017-47-en.pdf?expires=1638017379&id=id&accname=guest&checksum=FDC4A2B0E4CFF7D9D30B22277711EB62
National Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN). (2021). State advocacy. https://www.ncsbn.org/state-advocacy.htm
National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC). (2021). Regulations, standards, and policies. https://www.ncchc.org/cnp-regulations
Oncology Nursing Society. (2021). Health policy resources. https://www.ons.org/make-a-difference/advocacy-policy/resources
Parkin, D. (2017). Principles of health economics including: the notions of scarcity, supply and demand, distinctions between need and demand, opportunity cost, discounting, time horizons, margins, efficiency and equity. https://www.healthknowledge.org.uk/public-health-textbook/medical-sociology-policy-economics/4d-health-economics/principles-he
Vaismoradi, M., Tella, S., A Logan, P., Khakurel, J., & Vizcaya-Moreno, F. (2020). Nurses’ Adherence to Patient Safety Principles: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(6), 2028. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062028.
Williams, S.D., Phillips, J.M., & Koyama, K., (September 30, 2018). Nurse advocacy: Adopting a health in all policies approach. OJIN: The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 23(3). Manuscript 1. doi: 10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No03Man01. https://doi.org/10.3912/OJIN.Vol23No03Man01