Mneomonics to remember capsulated bacteria
Some Killers Have Pretty Nice Capsule
Streptococcus pneumonia (commonly called Pneumococcus known to cause pneumonia, ear infections, sinus infections, meningitis, bacteremia) Klebsiella pneumonia (known to cause pneumonia, wound infections- surgical site infections, meningitis, bacteremia) Haemophilus influenza (known to cause pneumonia, meningitis, bacteremia, ear-throat infections, cellulitis, infectious arthritis) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (known to cause pneumonia, wound infections- surgical site infections, bacteremia) Neisseria meningitides (known to cause menigicoccal disease) Cryptococcus neoformans (a fungus known to have a capsule)
16. What is the function of bacterial capsule?
17. Do all bacteria produce capsule?
18. What is the biochemical component that makes the bacterial capsule?
19. How does human immune system treat un-encapsulated bacteria?
20. Why does this procedure not involve “heat fixing” step?
21. Which stain was used in this process?
22. Which stain was retained by the cells?
23. Which stain was retained by the capsule?
24. From the following picture, point out or describe the capsule: