Logicomathematical Knowledge
From infancy, children start to notice relationships, and any time you introduce additional complexity, unfamiliar materials, or a problem to solve, you encourage children to construct and refine concepts and discern relationships between materials and ideas. For instance, because infants are developing object permanence (knowing that someone or something is present even when not visible), any action that involves hiding an object creates a problem for the baby to solve. Further, putting a favorite rattle inside a bag where it can still be heard is very puzzling to an infant because the sound is familiar and recognized but the child is not sure where it is coming from (the bag). The child will be motivated to find the rattle and thus to make progress towards object permanence.
Table 10.1 provides examples of simple things babies and toddlers do that educators can facilitate to encourage and extend their explorations (Geist, 2003, pp. 1012).