In the third stage, norming, the group defines its goals and rules of behavior.
The group determines what are or are not acceptable behaviors and attitudes. The group structure, roles, and relationships become clearer. Cohesiveness develops. The leader explains standards of per- formance and behavior, defines the group’s structure, and facilitates relationship building.
In the fourth stage, performing, members agree on basic purposes and activities and carry out the work. The group’s energy becomes task-oriented. Cooperation improves, and emotional issues subside. Members communicate effectively and interact in a relaxed atmosphere of sharing. The leader provides feedback on the quality and quantity of work, praises achievement, critiques poor work and takes steps to improve it, and reinforces interpersonal relationships within the group.
The fifth stage is either adjourning (the group dissolves after achieving its objectives) or re-forming, when some major change takes place in the environment or in the composition or goals of the group that requires the group to refocus its activities and recycle through the four stages. When a group adjourns, the leader must prepare group members for dissolution and facil- itate closure through celebration of success and leave-taking. If the group is to refocus its activi- ties, the leader will explain the new direction and provide guidance in the process of re-forming.
Norms Norms are the informal rules of behavior shared and enforced by group members. Norms emerge whenever humans interact. Groups develop norms that members believe must be adhered to for fruitful, stable group functioning. Nursing groups often establish norms related to how members
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Required system
Tasks Activities Interactions Attitudes
Group processes
Form Storm Norm Perform Adjourn/Re-form
Consequences
Productivity Satisfaction Development Conflict Groupthink
Background factors
Organizational requirements External status Personal characteristics
Leadership style
AffectAffect
Affect
Results in
Affect
Influence
Emergent group system
Activities Interactions Sentiments Roles Status Communication
The group determines what are or are not acceptable behaviors and attitudes. The group structure, roles, and relationships become clearer. Cohesiveness develops. The leader explains standards of per- formance and behavior, defines the group’s structure, and facilitates relationship building.
In the fourth stage, performing, members agree on basic purposes and activities and carry out the work. The group’s energy becomes task-oriented. Cooperation improves, and emotional issues subside. Members communicate effectively and interact in a relaxed atmosphere of sharing. The leader provides feedback on the quality and quantity of work, praises achievement, critiques poor work and takes steps to improve it, and reinforces interpersonal relationships within the group.
The fifth stage is either adjourning (the group dissolves after achieving its objectives) or re-forming, when some major change takes place in the environment or in the composition or goals of the group that requires the group to refocus its activities and recycle through the four stages. When a group adjourns, the leader must prepare group members for dissolution and facil- itate closure through celebration of success and leave-taking. If the group is to refocus its activi- ties, the leader will explain the new direction and provide guidance in the process of re-forming.
Norms Norms are the informal rules of behavior shared and enforced by group members. Norms emerge whenever humans interact. Groups develop norms that members believe must be adhered to for fruitful, stable group functioning. Nursing groups often establish norms related to how members
Feedback
Feedback
Required system
Tasks Activities Interactions Attitudes
Group processes
Form Storm Norm Perform Adjourn/Re-form
Consequences
Productivity Satisfaction Development Conflict Groupthink
Background factors
Organizational requirements External status Personal characteristics
Leadership style
AffectAffect
Affect
Results in
Affect
Influence
Emergent group system
Activities Interactions Sentiments Roles Status Communication