TOPIC: Treating Diabetics with diet and lifestyle changes vs. Medication regimen
ARTICLE FOR THISPROJECT: ATTACHED: \”Effects of Exercise Intervention on Mitochondrial Stress Biomarkers in Metabolic Syndrome Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial\”
1) complete the chart attached to reflect this article
2) complete the background and objective by answering the question below about the article on the randomized control trial study attached and how it relates to the topic above.
Background: helps set the rationale for the review, and should explain why the questions being asked are important. It should be presented in a fashion that is understandable to the users of the health care under investigation, and should be concise.
1. description of the condition
2. description of the intervention
3. how the intervention might work
4. Why is it important to do this review?
Objectives: should begin with a precise statement of the primary aim of the review, including the intervention(s) reviewed and the targeted problem. This might be followed by a series of specific objectives relating to different participant groups, different comparisons of interventions or different outcome measures.
Evidence-Based Project: Treating Diabetics with Diet and Lifestyle Changes vs. Medication Regimen
Student’s Name
Institutional Affiliations
Evidence-Based Project: Treating Diabetics with Diet and Lifestyle Changes vs. Medication Regimen
Healthcare professionals are required to utilize interventions that are supported by research evidence to solve clinical practice issues. While these professionals can obtain the required evidence by conducting direct studies, it is important to note that published literature of empirical studies conducted in the fields of interest also provides useful evidence that can inform nursing practice (Kang, 2021). The topic of focus in the current project is ‘Treating diabetics with diet and lifestyle changes versus medication.’ This study will describe the background and objectives of a randomized controlled trial while also describing how it relates to the project topic.
Background
The condition described in the article attached is metabolic syndrome. Metabolic syndrome is a disease condition that is attributed to oxidative stress in cells which eventually interferes with the normal functioning of the mitochondria. Various metabolic modulators such as hepatokines and mitokines play a key role in triggering the oxidative stress that is contributing to mitochondria dysfunction in patients with metabolic stress. Therefore, it is anticipated that identifying and controlling the regulatory mechanisms involved in the production of hepatokines and mitokines biomarkers can help to improve the quality of life in patients with metabolic syndrome. The specific biomarkers include fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21), growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF15), and angiopoietin-like 6 (ANGPTL6) (Chang & Namkung, 2021). A similar principle can be applied in patients with diabetes. This article relates to the project topic in that, like metabolic syndrome, the pathophysiology of diabetes entails abnormalities in metabolic processes. It involves abnormalities in either insulin production or action. This usually causes an abnormal increase in blood glucose levels a condition known as hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia results from metabolic dysfunctions affecting carbohydrates, fats, and proteins (Kang, 2021). Therefore, identifying and controlling the regulatory mechanisms involved in insulin production or action can help to improve the quality of life in patients with diabetes.
The intervention examined in the article attached is sponsored exercise training. In the randomized controlled trial, Chang and Namkung (2021) examined the effects of a long-term exercise intervention on the serum levels of FGF21, GDF15, and ANGPTL6 in patients with metabolic syndrome. They have used female patients previously diagnosed with metabolic syndrome as the study participants. In addition to dividing participants into an intervention and control group, the researchers have compared the baseline levels of healthy patients with those of patients suffering from metabolic syndrome when making conclusions (Chang & Namkung, 2021). Applying the same principle in the planned project, the project team will compare the effects of diet and lifestyle changes versus that of a medication regimen on the blood glucose levels of patients with diabetes. They will utilize patients already diagnosed with diabetes as the study participants. The intervention group will be exposed to dietary and lifestyle changes while the comparison group will be exposed to a medication regimen. The researchers can compare baseline levels of blood glucose of healthy patients with those of diabetic patients at the initial phases of the study.
The intervention might work by regulating the metabolic processes that are contributing to disease. For instance, the investigators of the randomized controlled trial have anticipated that long-term exercise intervention can regulate the activity of metabolic modulators on mitochondrial stress in patients with metabolic syndrome. The hypothesis that the researchers have tried to address in the study is that exercise intervention decreases the levels of compensatory metabolic modulators of metabolic stress in addition to improving physical fitness in patients with metabolic syndrome (Chang & Namkung, 2021). The same principle will be applied in the planned project with diabetic patients. The best hypothesis to direct the project is that diet and exercise changes are more effective than a medication regimen in decreasing blood glucose levels in addition to improving the quality of life in patients with diabetes. Therefore, it is important to conduct this review in order to understand what is known and what is not known regarding the effects of lifestyle changes, particularly exercise intervention, on the pathophysiology of a metabolic disease whose pathophysiology closely resembles that of diabetes.
The difference between the effects of diet and lifestyle changes versus a medication regimen on blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes remains unclear. Therefore, the primary aim of the review is to gather evidence about the effectiveness of diet and lifestyle changes in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. The comparison group will be diabetic patients receiving a medication regimen. The primary outcome measure will be blood glucose concentration.
References
Chang, J. S. & Namkung, J. (2021). Effects of exercise intervention on mitochondrial stress biomarkers in metabolic syndrome patients: a randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18, 2242. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph18052242.
Kang H. (2021). Use, application, and interpretation of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Korean Journal of Anesthesiology, 74(5), 369–370. https://doi.org/10.4097/kja.21374.