In this assignment, you will compare and contrast the legal structure and governance of a profit and not-for-profit hospital. Also, examine the benefits and disadvantages of Public-Private partnerships. Write a four- to five-page report evaluating each option and provide your recommendation of the type of structure that would best serve the needs of your community.

Your report should address the following substantive requirements:

1. Describe and assess each international entity and rules it must follow.
2. Compare and contrast the three types, including advantages and disadvantages for each.
3. Argue your recommendation for your chosen structure that would best serve the needs of your community.

Your well-written report should meet the following requirements:

1. Be four to five pages in length, not including the cover or reference pages.
2. Formatted according to APA writing guidelines.
3. Provide support for your statements with in-text citations from a minimum of four scholarly articles. Two of these sources may be from the class readings, textbook, or lectures, but two must be external.
4. Utilize the following headings to organize the content in your work:

• Introduction
• Description and Assessment
• Compare and Contrast
• Recommendation
• Conclusion

no plagiarism plz

Running Head: CRITICAL THINKING: NEW HOSPITAL PROPOSAL

CRITICAL THINKING: NEW HOSPITAL PROPOSAL 2

Introduction

The system of healthcare in most of the countries is national based healthcare system whereby the government offers health care services to the public using governmental agencies. In Saudi Arabia for example, there are some growing private healthcare facilities. The government of many nations remains the full controller of the healthcare sectors both private and public. The private hospitals are both non-profit and profit for example in Saudi Arabia, most of these private hospital attracts several expats. Both the standards of both private and government hospitals are of more similarity. Some of the private healthcare facilities are of the world class but with poor health service delivery (Penm,2015).

Comparing and Contrasting the Legal Structure and Governance of the Profit and Non-profit international entities

Differences

The selected international entities include the Joint Commission International (non-profit), International Hospital Federation (non-profit) and the Kaiser Permanente (non-profit and profit). The legal structure of the Joint Commission International (JCI) follows the certification and accreditation of the hospital. The hospital must be evaluated first to see if the hospital complies with the standards and meets the activities needed by this entity. There are accreditation programs that any hospital must go through. This is then followed by the certification which can either be based on associated health care organization (Joint Commission, 2016). On the other hand, the International Hospital Federation requires a formal and documented request addressed to the Chief Executive Officer for one to be a member. The legal structure of Kaiser Permanente is consisting of two or three independent legal entities in each region of California (Finz, 2012). The applying employee must have been hired as a new Kaiser Permanente for an award-eligible post.

The governance of the International Hospital Federation is consisting of three organs i.e. the general assembly, governing council, and the executive committee. There are also the designated positions which consist of the president, chairman designate, immediate past president, treasurer, and the chief executive officer (International Hospital Federation, 2015). On the other hand, Kaiser Permanente is consisting of entities with each entity having its management and governance structure. There are regional entities and twelve Permanente Medical groups which were created by the Permanente Federation. The role of the Permanente is to standardized patient care as well as the performance (Finz, 2012). The governing of JCI is under the leadership of the President and the chief executive officer (Matt, 2011).

Advantages of the Entities

Join Commission International provides a wide variety of health care programs like hospitals, ambulatory care services, laboratory services in the clinics, long-term care facilities, academic medical center hospitals, home care programs, and the emergency and non-emergency transportation services. There is greater attractiveness of its accreditation to the clients (Ebrahim, 2014). The International Hospital Federations provides the students as well as other people who are interested in accessing global publications and resources on health care and hospital management. These publications are in the journals of International Health Federation World Hospital and Health Services. Kaiser Permanente improves the health of the community as well as their members. They expand the accessory to health in the community as well as improving the environment under which the community are served. Also, Kaiser Permanente shapes the health knowledge of its members.

Disadvantage

The limitation of the JCI is that there is an overreliance on the program when it comes to judgment on the value of the surveyors (Ebrahim, 2014). International Hospital Federation faces difficulty in changing from the free for service and volume drove health care to the population health care. This further interferes with the alignment of the goals and the incentives. Another thing is that this entity finds it difficult to predict the future of healthcare (Penm, 2015). Kaiser Permanente through Obamacare has received difficulty while trying to offer the APTC subsidy to its members. People with low income are not eligible to be members of Kaiser Permanente program. Those with high income are the force to repay the IRS services (Finz, 2012).

Similarities

All the three international health care entities aim at improving the health status of the patients. Another thing is that both entities are non-profitable despite Kaiser Permanente being profitable at a certain level.

Recommended Hospital Structure for my Community in Saudi Arabia

The best-recommended structure for my community is the non-profitable entity known as the JCI. This entity has a variety of services ranging from ambulatory care to primary care. The ambulatory care offers free standing medical, dental, and the surgical facilities. There is also dialysis, diagnostic radiology centers, outpatient chronic care and acute care centers. The home care facility consists patient-centered care and interaction, safe environment for the patients. There is a long-term care facility that deals with matters about non-acute setting such as rehabilitation centers, chronic care, and assisted living centers. There is also medical transport organization that deals with emergency cases, non-emergency cases, air as well as medical transport, and the fire brigade emergency services. The primary care deals with the integration of the community, prevention of the illnesses, promotion of the health, and medical services that pertain first contact.

Legal Structure and Governance of Non-Profit and Profitable Hospital in Saudi Arabia

Both non-profitable and profitable hospitals in Saudi Arabia are under the supervision of the Ministry of Health. They system of the medical care in both profitable and non-profitable are run under two tiers. The first level is the primary medical centered and the clinic. The role of this first tier to offer preventive, prenatal, emergency, and the vital services, as well as the mobile clinics to remote areas of Saudi Arabia. The second tier is located in health facilities in urban areas. This tier is meant to serve areas that can be easily accessed by the health officers to provide healthcare delivery to the citizens of Saudi Arabia.

Both non-profitable and profitable hospitals in Saudi Arabia are accredited by the Saudi Council for Healthcare Accreditation (SCHA). This is a nationally accredited body for organizations across all health sectors. The purpose of this accreditation is to guide the healthcare organizations both private and public. Another is to improve the quality of the patient care which is ensured through efficient and safer environment to reduce the risks to patients as well as medical staffs. Accreditation is important in stimulating the improvement of the care being provided to the patients. It boosts the confidence of the community in the accredited health facilities. It also reduces the unnecessary cost as well as protecting against the lawsuits. Lastly, it facilitates the acceptance of the third party payers.

The benefits of public–private partnerships

Many countries adopt the system of public-private partnership as an innovative approach for extending the health care services, the prudent policies in place involving the private and public collaboration regarding giving health care and financing of the health care is beneficial especially when a country is experiencing diminishing resources. It is easy and cheap to set the priorities when patients are conditioned to cost sharing instead of the free health care. This is also possible when there is the availability of policy options and is broadened to a health composing of public and private providers. Public-private partnership provides innovative as well as entrepreneurial approaches in providing health services and the healthcare facilities needed in the 21st century. The organization is aiming at moving healthcare delivery services from a project by project approach to the strategy that includes the development of strategies and policies that result in long-term outcomes.

Other benefits of public-private partnership include the improvement of the operation and efficiency in the public health sectors through the adoption of the industry technologies as well as the innovations. It leads to a long-term value for capital which is created through appropriate risks sharing in the life of the project. There is efficient time delivery of the budget via the real incentives of the private partners. This partnership acts as an alternative funding to public hospitals thus creating greater flexibility of providing services. Their connection increases the process of transparency in the liability generated by the long term projects. There is also sharing of the returns invested by both the public and private partners.

Disadvantages of public-private partnership

There is insufficient evidenced based for coming up with policies. The challenge of public-private partnership in healthcare delivery is that there might be the unavailability of the culture of rigorous as well as transparency analysis. There is always the luxury when it comes to collecting relevant information in a systematic way over time to assists in the assessment of the full effect of hospital corporatization. There is a need for the in-depth knowledge and understanding of nature as well as the behavior of the cross-border trade in the provision of health care services.

Conclusions

Health care policies encouraging public-private partnership in healthcare especially in financing offers flexible advantages. Most of the non-profit hospitals are being viewed as charitable health facilities in particular by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). These facilities must comply with the guidelines or rules that govern the non-profitable organizations. Some of these charitable and non-profit hospitals usually associate with some religious denominations. The profitable hospitals are owned by the investors of any given public trade groups.

References Ebrahim, J. (2014). Potential Pors and Cons of External Healthcare Performance Evaluation System: Real-Life Perspectives on Iranian Hospital Evaluation and Accreditation Program. Health Policy and Management , 3 (4), 191-198. Finz, S. (2012, January 22). Kaiser Foundation Health Plan. Kaiser Foundation Hospitals . International Hospital Federation. (2015). Constitution of the International Hospital Federation . 1-9. Joint Commission. (2016, October 27). Fatcs About Joint Commision Accreditation and Certification. Retrieved February 22, 2017, from www.jointcommission.org/facts-about joint-commission-accreditation-and-certification/ Matt, P. (2011, June 22). Joint Commission International. HealtHLeaders Media . Penm, J. (2015). Hospital within the World are becoming increasingly involved in promoting the responsible use of medicines through clinical pharmacy services. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy , 11 (1), 129-133.