Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) Discussion
Part-1
Watch this video and answers following questions in your own words.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nB05_QbPS0A
- What are the two CDSS types mentioned in the video?
- How does a CDSS help to prevent over-diagnosis?
- A new patient comes with an arthritis disease, how a CDS can help doctors to find an optimal treatment?
Part -2
Read slides and go over to the websites to answer the following questions.
- What is FHIR and HL7?
- Watch National Quality Forum (NQF): developed a CDS taxonomy and Write the message stated in the video?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=9&v=2aaWO2dpb0k
Solution
CDS Discussion
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CDS Discussion
Part 1
Question One
A Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) is a new information technology tool that is integrated into the healthcare delivery process by today’s healthcare organizations to enhance diagnosis, promote patient safety, and improve patient outcomes. As reported in the video, a CDSS is a health information technology system that is designed to help healthcare professionals, including physicians, make appropriate clinical decisions.
The two CDSS types described in the video are the Diagnosis Decision Support System (DDSS) and the Case-Based Reasoning (CBR). A DDSS is information technology software that is designed to generate information about a patient’s possible diagnosis when data is entered into it. The clinician combines the data with clinical expertise to determine the next steps to take, either to conduct further tests or pick a condition as the patient’s diagnosis. On the other hand, a CBR uses data and knowledge from previous cases to help guide new or existing cases.
Questions Two and Three
A CDSS can prevent overdiagnosis. The reason is that the software is designed to reveal symptom-specific guidance rather than spreading out possible diagnoses. An example of a scenario where the clinician can use a CDSS to find an optimal treatment is when providing care for a patient who reports to the hospital with an arthritis disease. When the patient reports to the hospital, the healthcare provider begins the care process by evaluating him or her to understand the presenting symptoms and collect medical history and other relevant information that can generate insights regarding his or her problem.
The healthcare provider enters the collected data into the CDSS software. The software then provides the doctor with a possible diagnosis and relevant information. The information guides the doctor on further testing to narrow down possible diagnoses and treatment plans. At this point, the healthcare provider is able to select therapeutic interventions specific to the diagnosis revealed by the CDSS software.
Part 2
Question One
The storage, use, and exchange of electronic information on health information technology tools are governed by regulations. The Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is a standard that governs the exchange of health information across technological platforms. The primary goal of FHIR is to enhance interoperability while at the same time maintaining the integrity of electronic information. Health Level Seven International (HL7) is a non-profit organization that provides standards and frameworks that direct users of health information technology systems on issues related to the exchange, integration, sharing, and retrieval of electronic health information.
Question Two
The National Quality Forum (NQF) is a non-profit organization based in the United States. It focuses on the promotion of healthcare quality and the protection of patient safety. The organization achieves these goals through the measurement of healthcare quality and public reporting. The video narrates NQF’s quest for quality by describing its achievements in the first 20 years since it was founded, the impacts of its activities, and the plans it intends to achieve in the next 20 years.
Lewis Sandy from United Health Group states that NQF has had a major impact on quality over the past 20 years. For instance, it has transformed the healthcare quality field from when it could not measure quality to a state where it can now measure quality effectively. 20 years later, NQF now has got a whole set of priorities for improvement in the United States and a whole library of measures that it can be drawn on.
The impacts of NQF’s efforts are felt worldwide in terms of quality standards that prove not only care but also safe and improved life. According to Martha “Meg” Gaines from the University of Wisconsin Law School, NQF’s biggest impact on quality has been in bringing desperate efforts together and bringing together stakeholders who would not normally collaborate. Louise Probst from St. Louis Business Health Coalition asserts that the area of quality measurement has helped build consensus and a framework for quality measures that would not be in place if it were not for NQF.
NQF is proud of the milestones it has made thus far. Some of the goals that the organization intends to achieve in the next 20 years include improving patient experience by bringing the patient more into the center of healthcare, involving stakeholders, using Artificial Intelligence Big Data for quality measurement, and addressing the biggest national priorities that countries are facing today.