EISENHOWER AND THE COLD WAR In 1953, Dwight D . Eisenhower be- came the first Republican president in 20 years . A war hero rather than a career politician, he had a natu- ral, common touch that made him widely popular . “I like Ike” was the campaign slogan of the time . After serving […]
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THE COLD WAR IN ASIA AND THE MIDDLE EAST While seeking to prevent Com- munist ideology from gaining fur- ther adherents in Europe, the United States also responded to challenges elsewhere . In China, Americans worried about the advances of Mao Zedong and his Communist Party . During World War II, the National- ist government
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HARRY TRUMAN(S) LEADERSHIP The nation’s new chief executive, Harry S . Truman, succeeded Frank- lin D . Roosevelt as president before the end of the war . An unpretentious man who had previously served as Democratic senator from Missouri, then as vice president, Truman ini- tially felt ill-prepared to govern . Roosevelt had not discussed
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COLD WAR AIMS The Cold War was the most im- portant political and diplomatic is- sue of the early postwar period . It grew out of longstanding disagree- ments between the Soviet Union and the United States that developed af- ter the Russian Revolution of 1917 . The Soviet Communist Party un- der V .I
CONSENSUS AND CHANGE The United States dominated glob- al affairs in the years immediately after World War II . Victorious in that great struggle, its homeland undamaged from the ravages of war, the nation was confident of its mission at home and abroad . U .S . leaders wanted to maintain the dem- ocratic structure
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THE RISE OF INDUSTRIAL UNIONS CHAPTER 11: THE NEW DEAL AND WORLD WAR II 228 unionizing campaign, rebuilding the UMW’s declining membership from 150,000 to over 500,000 within a year. Lewis was eager to get the AFL, where he was a member of the Execu- tive Council, to launch a similar drive in the mass
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WAR, VICTORY, AND THE BOMB The final battles in the Pacific were among the war’s bloodiest . In June 1944, the Battle of the Philippine Sea effectively destroyed Japanese naval air power, forcing the resignation of Japanese Prime Minister Tojo . Gen- eral Douglas MacArthur — who had reluctantly left the Philippines two years before
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THE WAR IN THE PACIFIC U .S . troops were forced to surren- der in the Philippines in early 1942, but the Americans rallied in the following months . General James “Jimmy” Doolittle led U .S . Army bombers on a raid over Tokyo in April; it had little actual military significance, but gave Americans
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THE NEW DEAL AND WORLD WAR II OUTLINE OF U.S. HISTORY 223 During that time, Benito Mussolini fell from power in Italy . His suc- cessors began negotiations with the Allies and surrendered im- mediately after the invasion of the Italian mainland in September . However, the German Army had by then taken control of
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THE WAR IN NORTH AFRICA AND EUROPE Soon after the United States en- tered the war, the United States, Britain, and the Soviet Union (at war with Germany since June 22, 1941) decided that their primary military effort was to be concen- trated in Europe . Throughout 1942, British and German forces fought inconclusive back-and-forth
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