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A New Way of Understanding Food American public schools transformed Philippine daily life. They introduced lessons in civics, self-government, and vocational training and, most nota- bly, made English the national language. American teachers, confident that their new curriculum was a vast improvement over the Catholic educational system of the Spanish period, brought lessons in nutrition, […]

The American Relationship with Filipino Food, 1898–1946 renÉ Alexander Orquiza Jr. Filipino Food, 1898–1946 If you had sat down to dinner at the Manila Hotel in 1936, only a few dishes on the menu would have been Filipino. Most of the items—the olives in the India relish, chicken gumbo soup, braised sweetbreads, squab casserole, beans,

Seal Adobo, Bear Nilaga, and Salmon Head Sinigang: Cooking in Alaska From the 1910s to the 1970s, Filipinas/os constituted the main labor force in Alaska’s salmon canneries. Bunkhouse cooks prepared cheap and monotonous meals of rice alongside salmon, bottom fish, and dried seafood, according to historian Donald Guimary. Contractors closed the kitchens at 8 p.m.

Going to the Land of Baking Powder Biscuits To paraphrase my father, in the 1910s and 1920s, Filipina/o emigrants who were eating steak in the Philippines did not come to America, but those whose diets Dawn Bohulano Mabalon 154 relied on tuyo and rice made their way to the United States by the thousands. The

Civilization via Chiffon Cake: American Colonial Education and Food At the center of the American colonial regime was a national public school system, with its goal of shaping loyal servants of the empire under the premise of preparation for eventual self-rule. As scholar Alex Orquiza notes in chapter 8 of this book, free public school

Hungering for America But these foods of the elite were not everyday fare for the vast majority of the emigrants from the provinces of Luzon and the Visayas who arrived in the United States before World War II. Seafood, rice, and/or saba bananas, corn, or camote and vegetables formed the basis of their diets. The

Eating in the Philippines at the Turn of the Century After a brutally violent, protracted imperialist war against Filipina/o national- ists that began in 1898, the United States maintained the Philippines as a for- mal colony until 1946. The Philippine diet that American imperialists encoun- tered at the turn of the century was a Southeast

Cooking, Eating, and Becoming Filipina/o American before World War II Dawn Bohulano Mabalon Eating Filipina/o American My father Ernesto Tirona Mabalon arrived in Stockton, California, in 1963 to be reunited with his father, Pablo “Ambo” Mabalon, who had left their home- town of Numancia, Aklan, for the United States in 1929. My lolo (grandfather) Ambo

The Family Table: Three Decades of Sentimental Appeal The popularity of Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston’s 1973 memoir, Farewell to Man- zanar, written with her husband James D. Houston, regenerated the story of Politics and Mess Halls 139 the Japanese American family for the political activism of the 1980s. Although Houston’s memoir poignantly tells a tale of

Keep the Children Safe: Resettlement as a Means to Avoid the Mess Hall The immediate result of separating families at mealtime was supposedly child misbehavior, ranging from poor table manners to the more feared juvenile delinquency. In one of the earliest published memoirs of the incarceration (1946), Miné Okubo wrote, “Table manners were forgotten. Guzzle,