Socialization Characteristics and Implications Social behavior is complex and varied, and it can also be subtle. It involves both verbal and nonverbal behaviors, and relies heavily on communication as a facilitator. Social behavior differs by age, but several types of general social behaviors are critical throughout the life span. For example, children and adults alike […]
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Everyday Violence and AIDS over the Life Course Juma died of an overt and extremely brutal act of violence. That act, however, resulted as much from the long-term and cumulative effects of everyday violence as it did from the hands of the individuals who perpetrated it. AIDS was a major factor in Juma’s life, but,
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108 Medical Anthropology Quarterly J: This is how the white people dance. [laughs] You know what? I think some people are eaten and some people are eaters. CL: What do you mean? J: You see the eaters . . . you know all this bad luck that follows me around? Always suffering. All this shit,
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Everyday Violence in the Time of AIDS 107 “Some People Are Eaten and Some People Are Eaters” Juma had many things to say about the events of his life and his experiences on the streets. In July 2006, just three weeks before his death, we sat together on the rocks overlooking Lake Victoria—as we had
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AIDS, Risk, and the Impossible Horizon Juma was aware of HIV/AIDS and had heard of the disease on many occasions. While many of the city’s street boys had one or more parents die of the disease, they rarely spoke of HIV/AIDS in this context. Most references to HIV/AIDS by street boys centered on the immorality
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The Death of Another Street Boy Late one night in August 2006, Juma was caught sleeping on the rooftop of a downtown shop by a group of sungu sungu. He had many prior encounters with the sungu sungu, most of which resulted in violent beatings and possibly several days in jail. This time proved to
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The Spatial Grounding of Life on the Streets Space was an important structuring feature of Juma’s survival on the streets as a Nyenga Dog. His gang was strongly identified with several blocks adjacent to the downtown center (which was itself a neutral territory where all street boys roamed). As Juma discussed on numerous occasions, his
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Everyday Violence in the Time of AIDS 103 Many boys in my age group washed cars during the day. Older boys didn’t do that. But they [older boys] took our money. If we didn’t give them our money they would beat us. Sometimes other boys would try to steal our business . . . then
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Sex, Survival, and the Process of Becoming a Nyenga Dog Juma’s mother had only one contact in Mwanza: a male cousin with whom she had a relatively close relationship. While he was making preparations to move to Dar es Salaam when Juma, his mother, and his two sisters arrived in town, the cousin managed to
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Mwanza and Sukumaland Mwanza is located on the shores of Lake Victoria in the northwest corner of Tanzania. It is the second-largest city in the country with an approximate pop- ulation of 411,900 (Mwanza Municipal Council 1997). With an annual growth rate around 11 percent (8 percent of which is through migration), it has been
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