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In an autocracy no problem is more dangerous or more chronic than that of succession. One crude but workable solution is to have the autocrat himself choose his successor. The Inca named one of his sons, Ninan Cuyoche, as next wearer of “the fringe” or crown, on the condition that the calpa, a ceremony of […]

Not only the Inca but many others in key positions in Incan society died in the epidemic. The general Mihcnaca Mayta and many other military leaders, the governors Apu Hilaquito and Auqui Tupac (uncle and brother to the Inca), the Inca’s sister, Mama Coca, and many others of the royal family all perished of the

Was this the great killer of the 1520s in the Incan Empire? Place Your Order Here! Was this the great killer of the 1520s in the Incan Empire? Perhaps future archaeological discoveries will give us more definite information. The pandemic not only killed great numbers in the Indian empires, but it also affected their power

Of what did the Inca and his captains die? One of the most generally reliable of our sources, Garcilaso de la Vega, describes Huayna Capac’s death as the result of “a trembling chill . . . , which the Indians call chucchu, and a fever, called by the Indians rupu. . . .” We dare

What killed the Indians? Contemporaries and many his­ torians blame the carnage on Pedrarias Davila, who executed Balboa and ruled Spain’s first Central American settlements with such an iron hand that he was hated by all the chief chroniclers of the age. It can be effectively argued, however, that he was no more a berserk

THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE to deal to the Indian a shock such as only H. G. Wells’s War of the Worlds can suggest to us. Each factor was un­ doubtedly worth many hundreds of soldiers to Cortes and Pizarro and other great Indian-killers. For all of that, one might have at least expected the highly organized,

if Africa had somehow repelled European imperialists for centuries before succumbing, then why were American Indians, all and all, so easily con­ quered? The sixties “globalized” my mind a quarter century before that word entered journalistic jargon. For instance, if the Viet Cong were successful against the American armed forces, despite all the latter’s technological

The sixties “globalized” my mind a quarter century before that word entered journalistic jargon. For instance, if the Viet Cong were successful against the American armed forces, despite all the latter’s technological advantages, and if Africa had somehow repelled European imperialists for centuries before succumbing, then why were American Indians, all and all, so easily

What kept people alive long enough to reproduce, and what killed them? The sixties “globalized” my mind a quarter century before that word entered journalistic jargon. For instance, if the Viet Cong were successful against the American armed forces, despite all the latter’s technological advantages, and if Africa had somehow repelled European imperialists for centuries

EXCHANGE Biological and Cultural Consequences of 1492 30th Anniversary Edition ALFRED W. CROSBY, JR. Forewords by J. R. McNeill and Otto von Mering PRAEGER Westport, Connecticut London     Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian exchange. (Contributions in American studies, no. 2) Bibliography: p. 1. Indians—Diseases. 2. Indians—Agriculture. 3.