Ms. Jones brings 6-week-old Sam to the clinic because of a bright red rash in the diaper area that has gotten worse since she started putting over-the-counter antibiotic cream on it 3 days ago. Sam is diagnosed with diaper Candida or a yeast infection. Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) topical TID for 14 days to the diaper area has been prescribed.
Briefly describe the therapeutic actions of Clotrimazole (Lotrimin).
Describe antifungal drug uses and side effects.
Develop a teaching plan for Ms. Jones including age-appropriate considerations for Sam.
Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) Case Study (Sam)
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Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) Case Study (Sam)
Introduction
Yeast infection can lead to detrimental health problems. Candidiasis is an infection caused by yeast referred to as Candida. The risks of contracting candidiasis include the prolonged time between diaper changes, humid weather, and others (Šikić Pogačar et al., 2018). In the case study, Ms. Jones brings 6-week-old Sam to the clinic due to a bright red rash in the diaper area. The situation has gotten worse over the past three days. The infant has been diagnosed with diaper Candida. This paper tries to answer the provided questions based on the case study.
In the presented case study, the doctor prescribed Clotrimazole (Lotrimin) topical TID for 14 days to the diaper area. The therapeutic action of Clotrimazole involves damaging the permeability barrier in the fungal cytoplasmic membrane (Khatter & Khan, 2022). Therefore, the medication prevents the biosynthesis of ergosterol in a concentration-dependent manner by inhibiting the demethylation of 14 alpha lanosterol. Preventing the synthesis of ergosterol helps kill the fungal and treats infection. Clotrimazole also acts by exerting other pharmacological actions (Khatter & Khan, 2022). For instance, inhibition of sarcoplasmic reticulum ca2+ ATPase, depletion of intracellular calcium, and blocking of calcium-dependent potassium channels and voltage-dependent calcium channels.
Clotrimazole is a drug used in the treatment and management of fungal infections. Clotrimazole is DFDA approved to treat candidiasis and dermatomycoses. The medication is a synthetic imidazole and has a broad spectrum of antimycotic action (Khatter & Khan, 2022). Clotrimazole is available as oral lozenges, topical lotions, powders, and vaginal inserts. Like many medications, Clotrimazole has few side effects that need prescribers’ attention. Some of the side effects include nausea, itching, and vomiting. It is necessary to perform liver function tests because most patients might have abnormal liver function tests (Khatter & Khan, 2022). Other side effects of Clotrimazole include blisters, burning, rash, hives, peeling, redness, swelling, and pain.
Patient education is important to enhance recovery, improve health, and prevent future or recurrent infections. A comprehensive teaching plan for Ms. Jones is necessary with age-appropriate consideration for Sam (Šikić Pogačar et al., 2018). Education should include drug dosage and medication adherence. Drug dosage varies from one patient to another based on several factors and age is a primary factor in this situation. Infants are delicate and a small mistake in the dose may lead to adverse medical reactions and even death. furthermore, medication adherence is very important to avoid drug resistance and improve overall health of Sam. Ms (Šikić Pogačar et al., 2018). Jones should be educated about proper care of infants and children to ensure Sam does not contract frequent infections. Ms. Jones should minimize over-the-counter drugs and follow the right channel of treatment to avoid risking the life of Sam. Adherence to these issues will help Ms. Jones to raise her kid well and healthily.
In summary, Candidiasis is a type of yeast infection caused by Candida. The case study is about Sam who was brought to the clinic due to diaper candidiasis. Clotrimazole is one of the best medications for treating candidiasis. This medication damages the permeability barrier in the fungal cytoplasmic membrane. It is available as oral lozenges, topical lotions, powders, and vaginal inserts. Patient education for Ms. Jones should include appropriate drug dosages, medication adherence, and general infant care.
References
Khatter, N., & Khan, M. (2022). Clotrimazole. StatPearls [Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560643/#:~:text=Go%20to%3A-,Mechanism%20of%20Action,demethylation%20of%2014%20alpha%20lanosterol.
Šikić Pogačar, M., Maver, U., Marčun Varda, N., & Mičetić‐Turk, D. (2018). Diagnosis and management of diaper dermatitis in infants with emphasis on skin microbiota in the diaper area. International journal of dermatology, 57(3), 265-275. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijd.13748